From f574248ccb9d418b172dce42ee6e1031f715b61e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: DualFroz <me@dualfroz.com>
Date: Wed, 26 Aug 2026 12:25:00 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] feat(store): add snapshots and forward range iterator

---
 src/db.zig | 145 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 145 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/db.zig b/src/db.zig
index cbc5212..b9d1b19 100644
--- a/src/db.zig
+++ b/src/db.zig
@@ -610,3 +610,148 @@ pub const Db = struct {
     }
 };
 
+pub const ScanOptions = struct {
+    start: ?[]const u8 = null,
+    end: ?[]const u8 = null,
+    startInclusive: bool = true,
+    endInclusive: bool = false,
+};
+
+fn prefixUpperBound(allocator: Allocator, prefix: []const u8) !?[]u8 {
+    var end = prefix.len;
+    while (end > 0 and prefix[end - 1] == 0xff) end -= 1;
+    if (end == 0) return null;
+    const upper = try allocator.alloc(u8, end);
+    @memcpy(upper, prefix[0..end]);
+    upper[end - 1] += 1;
+    return upper;
+}
+
+pub const Snapshot = struct {
+    db: *Db,
+    seq: u64,
+
+    pub fn get(self: Snapshot, allocator: Allocator, key: []const u8) !?[]u8 {
+        return self.db.getAsOf(allocator, key, self.seq);
+    }
+
+    pub fn scan(self: Snapshot, allocator: Allocator, start: ?[]const u8, end: ?[]const u8) !RangeIterator {
+        return self.db.scanAsOf(allocator, start, end, self.seq);
+    }
+
+    pub fn scanRange(self: Snapshot, allocator: Allocator, options: ScanOptions) !RangeIterator {
+        return self.db.scanRangeAsOf(allocator, options, self.seq);
+    }
+
+    pub fn scanReverse(self: Snapshot, allocator: Allocator, options: ScanOptions) !ReverseRangeIterator {
+        return self.db.scanReverseAsOf(allocator, options, self.seq);
+    }
+
+    pub fn scanPrefix(self: Snapshot, allocator: Allocator, prefix: []const u8) !RangeIterator {
+        return self.db.scanPrefixAsOf(allocator, prefix, self.seq);
+    }
+};
+
+const SourceCursor = union(enum) {
+    mem: memtable.Cursor,
+    sst: sstable.Cursor,
+
+    fn valid(self: *SourceCursor) bool {
+        return switch (self.*) {
+            .mem => |*c| c.valid(),
+            .sst => |*c| c.valid(),
+        };
+    }
+
+    fn record(self: *SourceCursor) Record {
+        return switch (self.*) {
+            .mem => |*c| c.record(),
+            .sst => |*c| c.record(),
+        };
+    }
+
+    fn advance(self: *SourceCursor) void {
+        switch (self.*) {
+            .mem => |*c| c.advance(),
+            .sst => |*c| c.advance(),
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+fn pickWinner(cursors: []sstable.Cursor) ?Record {
+    var minKey: ?[]const u8 = null;
+    for (cursors) |*c| {
+        if (c.valid()) {
+            const key = c.record().key;
+            if (minKey == null or order(key, minKey.?) == .lt) minKey = key;
+        }
+    }
+    if (minKey == null) return null;
+    var winner: ?Record = null;
+    for (cursors) |*c| {
+        if (c.valid() and order(c.record().key, minKey.?) == .eq) {
+            const rec = c.record();
+            if (winner == null or rec.seq > winner.?.seq) winner = rec;
+            c.advance();
+        }
+    }
+    return winner.?;
+}
+
+pub const RangeIterator = struct {
+    resultAllocator: Allocator,
+    arena: std.heap.ArenaAllocator,
+    cursors: []SourceCursor,
+    start: ?[]u8,
+    end: ?[]u8,
+    startInclusive: bool,
+    endInclusive: bool,
+    maxSeq: u64,
+
+    pub fn next(self: *RangeIterator) !?Entry {
+        while (true) {
+            var minKey: ?[]const u8 = null;
+            for (self.cursors) |*c| {
+                if (c.valid()) {
+                    const key = c.record().key;
+                    if (minKey == null or order(key, minKey.?) == .lt) minKey = key;
+                }
+            }
+            if (minKey == null) return null;
+            if (self.end) |bound| {
+                const past = if (self.endInclusive) order(minKey.?, bound) == .gt else order(minKey.?, bound) != .lt;
+                if (past) return null;
+            }
+
+            var winner: ?Record = null;
+            for (self.cursors) |*c| {
+                if (c.valid() and order(c.record().key, minKey.?) == .eq) {
+                    const rec = c.record();
+                    if (rec.seq <= self.maxSeq and (winner == null or rec.seq > winner.?.seq)) winner = rec;
+                    c.advance();
+                }
+            }
+            if (winner == null) continue;
+            if (!self.startInclusive) {
+                if (self.start) |bound| {
+                    if (order(winner.?.key, bound) == .eq) continue;
+                }
+            }
+            if (winner.?.kind == .tombstone) continue;
+
+            const arena = self.arena.allocator();
+            return Entry{
+                .key = try arena.dupe(u8, winner.?.key),
+                .value = try arena.dupe(u8, winner.?.value),
+            };
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn deinit(self: *RangeIterator) void {
+        self.arena.deinit();
+        if (self.start) |bound| self.resultAllocator.free(bound);
+        if (self.end) |bound| self.resultAllocator.free(bound);
+        self.resultAllocator.free(self.cursors);
+    }
+};
+