feat: extend params with nested_from and assign_pair

lib/prism/params.rb

@@ -1,9 +1,40 @@
 module Prism
+  # Hash-like request parameter container: string/symbol keys are
+  # interchangeable everywhere (see #convert_key below).
   class Params < Hash
     def self.from(source)
       source.each_with_object(new) { |(key, value), acc| acc[key] = value }
     end
 
+    # Rack-style bracket expansion: turns a flat list of [key, value] pairs
+    # such as [["post[title]", "hi"], ["tags[]", "a"], ["tags[]", "b"]]
+    # (what a browser actually sends for a form built with
+    # Prism::FormBuilder's "object[attribute]" field names) into the nested
+    # Params/Array tree StrongParameters expects
+    # (params.require(:post).permit(:title), params['tags'] == ["a", "b"]).
+    def self.nested_from(pairs)
+      pairs.each_with_object(new) { |(key, value), acc| assign_pair(acc, key, value) }
+    end
+
+    def self.assign_pair(container, key, value)
+      segments = key.to_s.scan(/[^\[\]]+|\[\]/)
+      name = segments.shift
+      return if name.nil?
+      insert(container, name, segments, value)
+    end
+
+    def self.insert(container, key, remaining, value)
+      if remaining.empty?
+        container[key] = value
+      elsif remaining.first == '[]'
+        (container[key] ||= []) << value
+      else
+        container[key] ||= new
+        insert(container[key], remaining.shift, remaining, value)
+      end
+    end
+    private_class_method :insert
+
     def [](key)
       super(convert_key(key))
     end
@@ -27,6 +58,10 @@ module Prism
     alias_method :include?, :key?
     alias_method :member?, :key?
 
+    def delete(key, &block)
+      super(convert_key(key), &block)
+    end
+
     private
 
     def convert_key(key)

lib/prism/policy.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+module Prism
+  # Pundit-lite authorization: a Policy pairs a user with a record and
+  # answers yes/no permission questions about it, keeping "who can do
+  # what" out of models and controllers. A PostPolicy answers questions
+  # about a Post (`edit?`, `destroy?`); its nested Scope narrows a
+  # collection down to what a given user may see at all.
+  #
+  #   class PostPolicy < Prism::Policy
+  #     def destroy?
+  #       user && record.user_id == user.id
+  #     end
+  #   end
+  #
+  # Any query left undefined answers false (default-deny), so a policy only
+  # has to spell out what it allows.
+  class Policy
+    class NotAuthorizedError < StandardError
+      attr_reader :record, :query
+
+      def initialize(record, query)
+        @record = record
+        @query = query
+        super("#{record.class} not authorized for #{query}")
+      end
+    end
+
+    attr_reader :user, :record
+
+    def initialize(user, record)
+      @user = user
+      @record = record
+    end
+
+    def method_missing(name, *args, &block)
+      return false if args.empty? && !block && name.to_s.end_with?('?')
+      super
+    end
+
+    def respond_to_missing?(name, include_private = false)
+      name.to_s.end_with?('?') || super
+    end
+
+    # Narrows a collection (an ORM Relation or any enumerable) down to what
+    # `user` may see, e.g. `PostPolicy::Scope.new(current_user, Post.all).resolve`.
+    class Scope
+      attr_reader :user, :scope
+
+      def initialize(user, scope)
+        @user = user
+        @scope = scope
+      end
+
+      def resolve
+        raise NotImplementedError, "#{self.class} must implement #resolve"
+      end
+    end
+
+    class << self
+      # PostPolicy for a Post/Post instance, Admin::PostPolicy for
+      # Admin::Post - mirrors how Controller#controller_path and
+      # Authenticatable resolve names lazily instead of hardcoding them.
+      def for_record(record)
+        klass = record.is_a?(Class) ? record : record.class
+        Object.const_get("#{klass.name}Policy")
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

lib/prism/rate_limiter.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+require_relative 'rate_limiter/memory_store'
+require_relative 'rate_limiter/pstore_store'
+
+module Prism
+  # Rack::Attack-lite: request throttling, blocklisting/safelisting and a
+  # fail2ban-style repeat-offender ban, evaluated by
+  # Middleware::RateLimiting on every request. Rules are discriminator
+  # blocks that receive a Prism::Request and return a truthy key (or nil
+  # to skip the rule for that request) - the same shape for all four rule
+  # kinds, only how the key is used differs.
+  module RateLimiter
+    class Rule
+      attr_reader :name, :limit, :period
+
+      def initialize(name:, discriminator:, limit: nil, period: nil)
+        @name = name
+        @discriminator = discriminator
+        @limit = limit
+        @period = period
+      end
+
+      def key_for(request)
+        @discriminator.call(request)
+      end
+    end
+
+    class << self
+      attr_writer :store
+
+      def store
+        @store ||= MemoryStore.new
+      end
+
+      def throttles
+        @throttles ||= {}
+      end
+
+      def blocklists
+        @blocklists ||= {}
+      end
+
+      def safelists
+        @safelists ||= {}
+      end
+
+      def tracks
+        @tracks ||= {}
+      end
+
+      def throttle(name, limit:, period:, &discriminator)
+        throttles[name.to_s] = Rule.new(name: name.to_s, discriminator: discriminator, limit: limit, period: period)
+      end
+
+      def blocklist(name, &discriminator)
+        blocklists[name.to_s] = Rule.new(name: name.to_s, discriminator: discriminator)
+      end
+
+      def safelist(name, &discriminator)
+        safelists[name.to_s] = Rule.new(name: name.to_s, discriminator: discriminator)
+      end
+
+      def track(name, &discriminator)
+        tracks[name.to_s] = Rule.new(name: name.to_s, discriminator: discriminator)
+      end
+
+      def on_notify(&block)
+        @notifier = block
+      end
+
+      def notify(type, name, request, payload = nil)
+        @notifier&.call(type, name, request, payload)
+      end
+
+      # Bans +discriminator+ (typically an IP) for +bantime+ seconds once
+      # the block yields true +maxretry+ times within a +findtime+ window -
+      # the classic fail2ban pattern, e.g. banning an IP that repeatedly
+      # probes for `/etc/passwd` in the query string. Meant to be called
+      # from inside a #blocklist block.
+      def fail2ban_filter(discriminator, maxretry:, findtime:, bantime:)
+        key = "fail2ban:#{discriminator}"
+        return true if store.banned?(key)
+        return false unless yield
+        count = store.count(key, findtime)
+        return false if count < maxretry
+        store.ban!(key, bantime)
+        true
+      end
+
+      def reset!
+        @throttles = {}
+        @blocklists = {}
+        @safelists = {}
+        @tracks = {}
+        @notifier = nil
+        store.reset!
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end